Sample characteristics and group differences
| CfD | CBT | P value | d/V | ||
| (n=1868) | (n=10 888) | ||||
| PHQ-9 total session 1 | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 16.1 (5.81) | 16.7 (5.75) | <0.001 | −0.12 | |
| Median (min, max) | 16.0 (0, 27.0) | 17.0 (0, 27.0) | |||
| GAD-7 total session 1 | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 13.2 (5.21) | 14.1 (4.91) | <0.001 | −0.17 | |
| Median (min, max) | 14.0 (0, 21.0) | 15.0 (0, 21.0) | |||
| PHQ-9 total session 2 | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 14.4 (6.37) | 15.3 (6.07) | <0.001 | −0.15 | |
| Median (min, max) | 14.0 (0, 27.0) | 16.0 (0, 27.0) | |||
| GAD-7 total session 2 | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 12.2 (5.57) | 13.2 (5.26) | <0.001 | −0.18 | |
| Median (min, max) | 12.0 (0, 21.0) | 14.0 (0, 21.0) | |||
| PHQ-9 total final session | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 9.23 (6.94) | 9.54 (6.80) | 0.079 | −0.04 | |
| Median (min, max) | 8.00 (0, 27.0) | 8.00 (0, 27.0) | |||
| GAD-7 total final session | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 8.33 (6.12) | 8.26 (5.87) | 0.66 | 0.01 | |
| No of sessions: mean (SD) | 10.4 (3.9) | 10.9 (4.6) | <0.001 | 0.12 | |
| Days between session 1 and session 2 | 59.9 (49.7) | 66.4 (48.9) | <0.001 | 0.13 | |
| Age: mean (SD) | 38.5 (13.10) | 42.5 (13.5) | <0.001 | 0.30 | |
| Gender | <0.001 | 0.06 | |||
| Male | 468 (25.1%) | 3515 (32.3%) | |||
| Female | 1396 (74.7%) | 7336 (67.4%) | |||
| Missing/not disclosed | 4 (0.2%) | 37 (0.3%) | |||
| Ethnicity | <0.001 | 0.07 | |||
| Asian | 171 (9.2%) | 1677 (15.4%) | |||
| Black | 232 (12.4%) | 1301 (11.9%) | |||
| Chinese | 10 (0.5%) | 63 (0.6%) | |||
| Mixed | 111 (5.9%) | 710 (6.5%) | |||
| Other | 86 (4.6%) | 398 (3.7%) | |||
| White | 1210 (64.8%) | 6393 (58.7%) | |||
| Missing | 48 (2.6%) | 346 (3.2%) | |||
P values and effect sizes reported (Cohen’s d or Cramer’s V).
CBT, cognitive–behavioural therapy; CfD, counselling for depression; GAD-7, Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale 7-item version; PHQ-9, Patient Health Questionnaire 9-item version.